Source: List of chemicals compiled by Beyond Pesticides from information provided by the General Accounting Office 1990 Report,

“Lawn Care Pesticides: Risks Remain Uncertain While Prohibited Safety Claims Continue,” U.S. Environmental Protection

Agency (EPA) National Pesticide Survey (1990), Farm Chemicals Handbook (1989), The National Home and Garden Pesticide

Use Survey by Research Triangle Institute, NC (1992), multiple state reports, current EPA Environmental Impact Statements and

Risk Assessments, and EPA national sales and usage data.

^ Banned for residential use in 2001, still permitted for use on golf courses and for public mosquito control.

* These pesticides are among the top 10 most heavily used pesticides in the home and garden sector, according to the latest sales and

usage data available from EPA (2001).

                                                          

1

EPA weight-of-evidence cancer classification, “possible human carcinogen.”  U.S. EPA, 2004. Office of Pesticide Programs, List of

Chemicals Evaluated for Carcinogenic Potential. July 19, 2004. 

2

Extension Toxicology Network (EXTOXNET) Pesticide Information Profiles, http://ace.orst.edu/info/extoxnet/ghindex.html.  

3

U.S. EPA, 2000. Table 1: Toxicity Data by Category for Chemicals Listed Under EPCRA Section 313. Toxic Release Inventory

(TRI) Program. http://www.epa.gov/tri/chemical/hazard_categories.pdf.

4

EPA weight-of-evidence classification, “Likely to be carcinogenic to humans.” Available tumor effects and other key data are

adequate to convincingly demonstrate carcinogenic potential for humans.  U.S. EPA, 2004. (See Ref. 1 for full citation).

5

Carbaryl has been shown to be a weak mutagen in humans. In animal studies, carbaryl increased the rate of sperm abnormalities, and

decreased sperm counts and function. Frazier, L and ML Hage. 1998. Reproductive Hazards of the Workplace.  Europe: Wiley. Table

10: Partial List of Reproductive Toxins. http://cfaes.osu.edu/facultystaff/healthsafety/documents/Table10-11-00.pdf. 

6

U.S. EPA. Office of Pesticide Program Reregistration Eligibility Decisions (REDs), Interim REDS (iREDs), and RED factsheets.

http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/reregistration/.

7

Colborn, T, et al., 1994. "Developmental Effects of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Wildlife and Humans," Environmental

Impact Assessment Review, vol. 14, pp. 469-489.

8

Northwest Coalition for Alternatives to Pesticides. Pesticides Factsheets. http://www.pesticide.org/factsheets.html. 

9

New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, Right to Know Hazardous Substances Fact Sheets. Available online at

http://www.state.nj.us/health/eoh/rtkweb/rtkhsfs.htm#I.

10

California Environmental Protection Agency, March 2005. Chemicals Known to the State to Cause Cancer or Reproductive

Toxicity. Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. http://www.oehha.org/prop65/prop65_list/files/P65single3405.pdf.

11

U.S. EPA, 1998. Hazard Assessment of the Organophosphates. Hazard ID Committee Report.

http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/op/hazidrpt.pdf. 

12

EPA weight-of-evidence cancer classification, “suggestive evidence of carcinogenicity, but not sufficient to assess human

carcinogenic potential.” U.S. EPA, 2004. (See Ref. 1 for full citation).

13

Illinois Environmental Protection Agency. Endocrine Disruptors Strategy. February 1997.

14

Beyond Pesticides ChemWatch Factsheets, http://www.beyondpesticides.org/pesticides/factsheets/index.htm.

15

Gosselin, RE, RP Smith, and HC Hodge. 1984. Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products, 5th edition. Baltimore: Williams and

Wilkins.  

16

National Library of Medicine, TOXNET, Hazardous Substances Database, http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/. 

17

EPA weight-of-evidence cancer classification, “not classifiable as to human carcinogenicity,” due to inadequate evidence or no data.

U.S. EPA, 2004. (See Ref. 1 for full citation).

18

U.S. EPA. 1995. Monosodium Methanearsonate and Disodium Methanearsonate; Toxic Chemical Release Reporting; Community

Right-to-Know. Federal Register Environmental Documents. http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-TRI/1995/April/Day-20/pr-13.html. 

19

U.S. EPA. Integrated Risk Information System Database. http://www.epa.gov/iris/. 

20

Colborn, T, D Dumanoski, and JP Myers,  1996. Our Stolen Future: Are We Threatening Our Fertility, Intelligence and Survival?

New York: Dutton. http://www.ourstolenfuture.org/Basics/chemlist.htm. 

21

EPA weight-of-evidence cancer classification, “probable human carcinogen.” There is sufficient evidence in animals and inadequate

evidence or no data in humans.” U.S. EPA, 2004. (See Ref. 1 for full citation). 

22

Environmental Defense Fund, Scoreboard Database, www.scorecard.org/chemical-profiles/.